France's pupil protests: FAZ says 400 schools shut, iDNES says about 100 damaged; the government blames the left, taz calls it a suspicion
Seven outlets in five countries covered the school protests in France on Friday. They count different things, lead with different victims, and only the government says the left is behind it.
The count. Two outlets give a number. They count different things.
| Outlet | Counts | Figure | Source given |
|---|---|---|---|
| iDNES.cz | schools damaged | "about a hundred" | the authorities |
| Frankfurter Allgemeine | schools closed | 400 | none, headline only |
| De Telegraaf | schools closed | "hundreds", as a precaution | none |
| Público | schools closed | "hundreds" | none |
The cause. Público, taz and the Frankfurter Allgemeine open with the pupils' complaints: too few teachers, overcrowded classes, run-down buildings. iDNES.cz reports that the government "blamed the radical left". taz says the government "suspects" the left. Neither report shows evidence for the charge.
The violence. Le Figaro leads on Belfort: attackers it does not name beat a police officer unconscious. An attempted-murder inquiry is open. Laurent Nuñez denounced "rare violence". Mediapart leads on Nîmes: a police officer struck Alexandre Colin, 21, at a school blockade, and he has filed a complaint. The officer in Belfort is not named; Colin is. The Frankfurter Allgemeine says teachers are doused with petrol, with no source and no one named as acting. iDNES.cz says hundreds were detained and hundreds of security officers injured.
Not settled. - How many schools closed. The 400 carries no source. - Whether the damaged and the closed schools overlap. - Whether the left organised anything. Only the government says so. - Who beat the Belfort officer.
This story is about secondary-school pupils in France protesting over the state of their schools, and about who is to blame now that some protests have turned violent.
How it got here. Pupils at French upper-secondary schools, the lycées, have a long habit of protest. They block school gates, a tactic called the blocus, and march. Lycéens were central to the 1986 protests against a university reform and joined the 2010 protests over pensions. A blockade is often how a school protest starts, and it is where most of the clashes in these reports took place.
The pupils' complaints point at two different levels of government. Since the decentralisation laws of the early 1980s, France's regions have owned and maintained lycée buildings. The national education ministry recruits and pays the teachers. France has struggled for several years to fill teaching posts. So a complaint about crumbling buildings is aimed at a region, and a complaint about missing teachers is aimed at Paris. That is also why the regions are the ones now counting the damage: iDNES.cz reports that some put it in the tens of millions of euros.
The actors. - The pupils, who say their schools lack teachers and are falling apart. - The national government, which runs the police and employs the teachers. Laurent Nuñez, the interior minister, answers for the police. - The regions, which own the buildings that were damaged. - The left, which the government accuses of being behind the unrest. No report we hold shows evidence either way.
What is at stake. If the government's reading holds, this is a public-order problem with organisers to find. If the pupils' reading holds, it is a question of teachers and buildings that policing will not answer.
Where it stands. On Friday 2 October, De Telegraaf reports that clashes went on and hundreds of schools stayed shut. An attempted-murder inquiry is open in Belfort. A complaint against police has been filed in Nîmes.
What is being argued about
- How many schools: 400 closed, about 100 damaged, or 'hundreds'
- Teacher shortages and run-down buildings as the pupils' cause
- The government's charge that the left is behind the unrest
- Violence against police in Belfort and by police in Nîmes
Claims and verdicts
Frankfurter Allgemeine
Frankfurter Allgemeine
🇩🇪DE ·
newspaper · independent
Brennende Barrikaden in Frankreich: Der wütende Frust der jungen Generation
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Read it at taz →
What we have measured
Actor named names both coalition parties as the sides of the conflict ×1Actor named Makes the Constitutional Court the actor that overturned the Supreme Court's argument. ×1With no actor named critics The pressure comes from 'the internet', with no critic named. ×1Asserted in the outlet's voice a motive assigned to an entire electorate, no source and no evidence ×1
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Who wrote it
Le Figaro
Coverage, outlet by outlet
Le Figaro
Le Figaro
🇫🇷FR ·
newspaper · independent
Brennende Barrikaden in Frankreich: Der wütende Frust der jungen Generation
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Read it at taz →
What we have measured
Actor named names both coalition parties as the sides of the conflict ×1Actor named Makes the Constitutional Court the actor that overturned the Supreme Court's argument. ×1With no actor named critics The pressure comes from 'the internet', with no critic named. ×1Asserted in the outlet's voice a motive assigned to an entire electorate, no source and no evidence ×1
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—
Frankfurter Allgemeine
Frankfurter Allgemeine
🇩🇪DE ·
newspaper · independent
À Nîmes, un cycliste porte plainte contre des policiers en marge d’un blocus de lycée
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What we have measured
Actor unnamed Says parliament rejected the measures but names no party or vote ×1Agenda: AI leads The headline makes AI the main report on the agenda. ×1Agenda lead Puts AI at the top of the agenda and does not mention tariffs ×1Asserted not attributed Says flat that the island is exposed to Washington's economic appetite, with no source. ×1
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—
ABC
ABC
🇪🇸ES ·
newspaper · independent
What we have measured
Figure chosen 80,000, stated flat and unsourced; every other report we hold says about 70,000 ×1Figure chosen 80,000 crossed, stated flat, no source for the number ×1How hard the claim is stated Calls it an invasion in the outlet's own voice, unattributed, inside a sentence about the judge. ×1Which figure is used same two days, no figure at all: thousands ×1
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D
De Standaard
Deník N
Deník N
🇨🇿CZ ·
newspaper · independent
What we have measured
Actor named The headline names speculators as the actors who evicted a grandmother, stated flat. ×1Asserted, and a government judged A wave of Russian state terrorism is stated as fact and Germany is rated on its response; the piece is labelled a comment ×1Asserted, not attributed Washington's refusal and its reasoning stated flat, with no source ×1Assessment stated flat Says in its own voice, with no source, that Russian air defence worked well. ×1
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El Mundo
El Mundo
🇪🇸ES ·
newspaper · independent
What we have measured
Actor named The dispute is between named Spanish officials over who was warned. There is no figure of Moroccan personnel. ×1Actor named The dispute is between named officials, and the report carries no figure. ×1Asserted, not attributed defiance of a named president is stated flat as what the meeting was ×1Asserted not attributed States Moscow's own reason, retaliation, as fact ×1
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Brussels Signal
Brussels Signal
🇧🇪BE ·
digital · independent
What we have measured
Asserted vs attributed cause and effect on services asserted in the reporter's voice, no figure attached ×1Asserted vs attributed States record diesel prices flat, with no source; another report says there is no shortage ×1Asserted vs attributed The figure of 72 is stated flat, with no named source or document. The report's own inference is 'significant infiltration'. ×1Asserted vs attributed record diesel prices stated flat, with no figure and no source ×1
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Dagens Nyheter
Dagens Nyheter
🇸🇪SE ·
newspaper · independent
What we have measured
Accused label flat accused is labelled far-right without attribution, and not named ×1Affected counted Only report to count the residents affected ×1Asserted or attributed the majority stated flat, with nobody credited for the count ×1Asserted or attributed the demand is written as the report's own flat sentence before it is attributed to anyone ×1
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Efimerida ton Syntakton
Efimerida ton Syntakton
🇬🇷GR ·
newspaper · independent
What we have measured
Adjective without figure Calls the war bloody but gives no count ×1Anyone hurt named the only report we hold that names one of the dead ×1Anyone hurt named the only report we hold that names a person who died ×1Asserted not attributed Calls the move 'unprecedented' in its own voice ×1
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Die Presse
Die Presse
🇦🇹AT ·
newspaper · independent
What we have measured
Who is named as acting Calls the party right and its people the far right in the outlet's own voice; three reports use only its name. ×1
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Observador
Observador
🇵🇹PT ·
digital · independent
What we have measured
Accusation attributed The fuel retailers' charge is attributed, 'accuses'. No government response is carried. ×1Affected person unnamed the woman is not named, and no cause of the eviction is given ×1Analyst verdict as headline one commentator's judgement on European mood is the headline ×1Asserted or attributed the charge against two foreign states is carried as the prime minister's view, not the report's ×1
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Il Giornale
Il Giornale
🇮🇹IT ·
newspaper · independent
What we have measured
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Telex
Telex
🇭🇺HU ·
digital · independent
What we have measured
Actor framed as giving The headline makes the government the actor, and what it does is support drivers. ×1Actor named NATO is named as acting; it 'chased them off' ×1Adopted term Uses the government's own phrase 'targeted support' without quotation marks ×1Asserted vs attributed 'under cover of night' attributed to Mária Schmidt, with the ministry's 8pm set beside it ×1
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Welt
Welt
🇩🇪DE ·
newspaper · independent
What we have measured
Actor named The protests named as the cause of both the arrests and the injuries ×1Actor unnamed The party figure calling for a confidence vote is given only by title. ×1Age band without a share the winner's strength among the youngest voters is claimed with no percentage ×1Asserted flat The 'existential crisis' is stated as fact, not attributed to anyone. ×1
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Le Monde
Le Monde
🇫🇷FR ·
newspaper · independent
What we have measured
Anyone hurt named or counted the only death toll we hold; a round number, hedged, nobody named ×1Anyone hurt named or counted the only report we hold that gives a death toll; it counts, does not name ×1Who says the label flat in the headline, no source, no hedge ×1
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Rzeczpospolita
Rzeczpospolita
🇵🇱PL ·
newspaper · independent
What we have measured
Accountability The only report to say prosecutors are investigating ×1Asserted not attributed Hungary's need for more time is stated as fact, not as the government's claim ×1Claim asserted flat says EU law has never known such an offer, with no lawyer, official or text cited ×1Correction carried the correction is in the lede, attributed to Lithuania ×1
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El País
El País
🇪🇸ES ·
newspaper · independent
What we have measured
Figure chosen more than 70,000 crossed, the higher figure not mentioned ×1Word for the event invasion, in quote marks and put in a party leader's mouth ×1Word for the event, attributed same word, but in quotation marks and inside a politician's accusation ×1
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la Repubblica
la Repubblica
🇮🇹IT ·
newspaper · independent
What we have measured
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Politico Europe
Politico Europe
🇧🇪BE ·
digital · independent
What we have measured
Actor named vaguely The opponents are 'other capitals', with no country named ×1With no actor named accusation The coup accusation is in the passive; the accuser is not named ×1Asserted vs attributed The contradiction is stated as fact by the report, sourced only to unspecified official notes ×1Asserted vs attributed the stall stated flat in the headline, with Athens named as the actor that rejected ×1
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Süddeutsche Zeitung
Süddeutsche Zeitung
🇩🇪DE ·
newspaper · independent
What we have measured
Hedged or stated states flat that police do not know whether the person seen is the man they want ×1Suspect identified how age and home town only, and the sabotage is what police attribute, not what the report asserts ×1
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HotNews.ro
HotNews.ro
🇷🇴RO ·
digital · independent
What we have measured
Accusation unanswered AUR's claim of a plan agreed between the president and PSD runs in the headline and lede. No reply from the president is carried. ×1Actor named Names the blocs that refuse any exemption ×1Anonymous sourcing The jamming device found in his car rests on unnamed judicial sources, relayed through a news agency. ×1Asserted not attributed the outcome is declared settled before voting opens ×1
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NOS
NOS
🇳🇱NL ·
public broadcaster · public-service
What we have measured
Actor label The backers are labelled politically; the opponents, all other major parties, get no label ×1Actor named Names the Supreme Court as the court that withdrew the warrant. ×1Actor named and attributed Construction workers are named as having damaged a cable by accident, and the report attributes this to the aviation regulator. ×1Actor named, in passive Israeli airstrikes are named as what destroyed the building, but the sentence puts the building first ×1
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Svenska Dagbladet
Svenska Dagbladet
🇸🇪SE ·
newspaper · independent
What we have measured
Attributed context The Iran link is hedged and credited to another newspaper ×1Hedged context Base's use for strikes on Iran is hedged and attributed to another paper ×1Hedged or flat a directional claim about the race stated flat, with no poll figure behind it ×1Loss stated flat, size not given a large loss asserted with no figure, and a coalition demand named in the same line ×1
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Gazeta Wyborcza
Gazeta Wyborcza
🇵🇱PL ·
newspaper · independent
What we have measured
Actor named Russia is named as acting against the bridge, in active voice ×1Asserted cause Voters' reason for backing the AfD is stated flat as a fact about the mainstream parties. ×1Asserted, not attributed the three-year gain is stated as what the deal would have secured, with no source ×1Asserted versus attributed the link between the pardons and the US talks is stated flat in the headline ×1
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Euractiv
Euractiv
🇧🇪BE ·
digital · independent
What we have measured
Measure chosen the only report we hold that breaks the result down by voters' age ×1Measure chosen the only report we hold that publishes how the age groups split ×1Which figure is used about 80,000 stated flat and unsourced — an order of magnitude above every other figure we hold ×1Which figure is used Puts 80,000 across the border in two days with no source for the figure and nobody attributed for it. ×1
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